Which action takes place in the stomach?
Large fat molecules are digested into smaller molecules.
Proteins are broken down.
Amylase breaks down starches into smaller sugar molecules.
Insulin is secreted for use in the small intestine.
Which row in the chart contains the words that best complete this statement? The (1) produces (2), which is secreted into the (3).
(1) liver (2) bile (3) small intestine
(1) gallbladder (2) pepsin (3) stomach
(1) villi (2) amylase (3) mouth
(1) pancreas (2) acid (3) large intestine
A person complaining of digestion problems is not digesting fats well. Which is a reasonable explanation for this condition?
The pyloric sphincter is blocked.
The bile duct is blocked.
The person is secreting excess bile.
The stomach is secreting too much acid.
A person has been taking a medication for 5 days. Which of the following is likely to be a consequence of this medication?
Pepsin would not be able to break down proteins.
Amylase would not be able to break down starch.
Bile would not be able to be produced.
Enzymes secreted by the pancreas would not function well.
Which is an example of chemical digestion?
Breaking down food with saliva
Chewing food to break it down.
Churning food in small intestine
Excreting undigested food as waste
Which digestive system structure contains the enzyme pepsin?
Esophagus
Large intestine
Small intestine
Stomach
Which is the primary function of the colon?
Absorbing nutrients from chyme
Absorbing water from chyme
Completing chemical digestion
Completing mechanical digestion
What does amylase break down?
lipids
starches
proteins
vitamins
Which are characteristics of saturated fats?
Liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils
Mostly absorbed in the large intestine
Derived from animal sources and are solid at room temperature
Tend to lower blood cholesterol
Which carbohydrate is not digestible and provides fiber in your diet?
sucrose
starch
glycogen
cellulose
Which combinations in the stomach break down high-protein foods?
A low pH and pepsin
A high pH and bile
A high pH and pepsin
A low pH and bile
Calories written on food labels are used to measure the __________.
Energy content in foods
Mass of a food serving
Nutritional value of foods.
Weight of a food serving
Reading nutrition labels is especially helpful for ___________.
Assessing vitamin needs
Counting amino acid types
Monitoring total fat intake
Setting daily calorie goals
What organic compounds are needed in small quantities for growth and metabolism?
proteins
vitamins
minerals
fats
What is the function of simple sugars in the body?
They are the building blocks of proteins.
They are made of the same materials as fats.
They are a source of fiber.
They provide energy for cells.
The graph shows blood glucose levels over a period of time. Which hormone might have caused a sudden surge as indicated by the arrow?
Antidiuretic hormone
Growth hormone
Glucagon
Insulin
Which hormones are released from nerve cells rather than from endocrine glands?
Insulin and glucagon
Growth hormone and thyroxine
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
Norepinephrine and epinephrine
Which pairs of hormones have opposite effects?
Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Growth hormone and thyroxine
Aldosterone and cortisol
Which endocrine gland would provide a burst of energy to a person moving out of the way of a speeding bicycle?
adrenal
parathyroid
pituitary
thyroid
Which gland is called the “master gland” and is located at the base of the brain?
adrenal
parathyroid
pituitary
thyroid
Which hormone is released by the pancreas?
calcitonin
cortisol
insulin
thyroxine
The antidiuretic hormone regulates ________.
calcium
glucose
sodium
water
Which description explains what is occurring in the diagram between blood glucose levels and pancreatic activity?
it is a feedback mechanism that maintains homeostasis
It is an immune system responding to prevent disease
It describes the digestion of sugar
It is the hormonal regulation of egg production
Which is a result of secretion of adrenaline?
Increased cell activity
Onset of lethargy
Decreased heart rate
Decreased blood glucose
Which body system transports hormones from endocrine glands to their target tissues?
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Excretory system
Nervous system