若变量A与B是显著相关的，B与C也是显著相关的，那么A与C也一定是显著相关的。 这个说法？
Why does the study use multiple items (e.g., 9 items for PHQ-9) instead of a single question to measure depression?
To increase the number of survey pages
To improve reliability and capture the complexity of the construct
To make the questionnaire appear longer
To trick participants into giving consistent answers
Why is a single-item measure usually not recommended for complex psychological constructs?
It is too expensive
Journals forbid it
One item cannot fully represent the construct
Participants dislike short scales
Which statements describe a good psychological scale?（多选题）
All items measure the same construct
The items show internal consistency
Items represent different aspects of the construct
Items cover unrelated topics to increase variety
Which statements correctly distinguish a questionnaire（问卷）from a scale（量表）?
A questionnaire can include many sections; a scale measures one construct
A scale requires multiple items for reliability
A questionnaire and a scale are the same
A scale can appear inside a questionnaire
Why is internal reliability (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha) important for a scale?
It shows the scale measures consistently
It makes the scale more enjoyable to answer
It guarantees a larger sample
It ensures the items measure the same construct
请判断 哪一道题目不属于“学业拖延倾向”。
我经常把学习任务拖到最后一刻才开始。
即使提前很久收到作业，我通常也不会马上动手。
遇到困难的学习任务时，我会选择先做别的事情。
我觉得自己的时间管理能力比大多数同学更强。
你每天使用手机的时长是多少？ 这道题目最有可能属于？
问卷
量表
我在社交场合中会担心别人对我有负面评价。这道题最有可能属于？
问卷
量表
我经常在学习中拖延，导致无法按时完成任务。这道题最有可能属于？
问卷
量表
Which of the following best describes how the authors integrate theory and empirical evidence in the Introduction/Literature Review?
They summarize prior findings and list research gaps without linking them to theory.
They describe TikTok features and present hypotheses directly without theoretical grounding.
They first explain problematic TikTok use, then embed the I-PACE model to organize the mechanisms, and finally use this structure to derive hypotheses.
They introduce scales before introducing the theoretical framework.
Which rhetorical moves are used in the Introduction to justify the study's necessity?（多选题）
Identifying a practical concern (rise of problematic TikTok use)
Differentiating TikTok from other platforms at the design/mechanism level
Advancing methodological criticisms of PSMU measurement scales
Positioning the study within the I-PACE theoretical framework
Which sentence best reflects appropriate academic hedging commonly used in research writing?
Depression always causes problematic TikTok use.
Depression probably has nothing to do with TikTok use.
Depression may contribute to problematic TikTok use.
Depression definitely determines TikTok use behavior.
Which reporting verb best fits an academic literature review?
The authors shout that distress intolerance is important.
The authors prove that distress intolerance is the only factor.
The authors argue that distress intolerance plays a mediating role.
The authors complain about inconsistent findings.
Which phrase is most appropriate for introducing a limitation in the Discussion section?
Obviously, the study had many problems.
It is ridiculous that only self-report data were used.
One potential limitation of the present study is the reliance on self-report measures.
The study failed completely because of measurement issues.
Which version demonstrates stronger academic precision?
TikTok is bad for everyone because it keeps people online.
TikTok is known to trap users with its algorithm.
TikTok always makes people addicted.
TikTok may increase compulsive engagement for some users due to personalized recommendation algorithms.
Which options reflect academic precision when describing statistical results?（多选）
“Depression was significantly associated with distress intolerance.”
“Depression was kind of related to distress intolerance.”
“Depression showed a strong and undeniable effect.”
“Depression exhibited a significant positive association (p < .001).”