103--chapter 21 22

Spurred on by China's efficient agriculture, the population grew to _______ million by 1800.. 

______ became a vital axis of world trade, with Chinese merchants exchanging spices and luxury goods for Spanish silver from the Americas.

4.Which countries in Europe developed porcelain factories in the eighteenth century？

5.The Manchu state was divided into eight major military and ethnic divisions, each represented by a distinctive ____________.

6. Ming land taxes were paid to the government in ___________ via installments.

8.The Qianlong emperor launched military expeditions against all of the following except:

9.By 1557, the Portuguese had wrested the first European colony from the Chinese at _________, and they held it until 1999.

10.In 1549 the Franciscan missionary ___________ landed in Japan.

11.The _________ East India Company, having established its base at Calcutta in 1690, soon sought to expand its operations to China.

12.Which religious order trained their members in Chinese language and culture, in order to have a better chance at spreading Christianity? 

13.After 1699, the city of ________ became a center of European trade and diplomacy with China.

14.One of the richest glimpses into local Chinese society comes from Pu Songling's __________ Tales from a Chinese Studio.

15.In Japan, a period of civil war erupted in 1467 and continued, on and off, until the ________.

16.The _______ shoguns adopted Neo-Confucianism as the governing ideology, thus joining the commonwealth of Confucian “religious civilizations” in the region.

17.A wholescale massacre of Japanese _________ followed in the wake of a rebellion against the government in 1637.

19.Ukiyo-e was a genre of ____________ that was practiced by Kitagawa Utamaro in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

20.Jesuit missionaries were at times welcomed into China and Japan but were ultimately rejected as “subversive” elements by the ____ and the Tokugawa. 

21.See the chapter opening photo for chapter 21. What Japanese policy does the island of Deshima represent? 

1.As a result of the Seven Years' War, France lost Canada to ___________ . 

3.In its final draft, the Declaration of Independence tacitly excluded the ________ of all Americans who were black slaves.

4.In 1789 a new system of government was instituted in the United States that replaced ________________________.

5.Louis XVI held an assembly of the ________,at Versailles to address France’s financial problems..

6.Patriotic feelings were roused in France in April 1792, when:

7.The machine accepted by the French Assembly for use in executions was designed by _________.

8.At the time of the French Revolution, ________ was one of the richest European colonies.

9.Toussaint Louverture, a grandson of a vassal king in ___________, had obtained his freedom in the 1770s.

10.Jean=Jacques Dessalines became emperor of Haiti, renaming Saint-Domingue after:

11._______ published his Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations in 1776

12.After achieving independence, the ________ elevated their spoken language, Kreyòl, into their national identity.

13.The successor of Louis XVIII of France, __________, took the extreme course of restoring the property of the aristocracy lost during the Revolution.

14.Count Camillo di Cavour, the prime minister of _________, was the politician who did the most to realize Italy's unification.

15.Bismarck’s Prussia fought wars for German unification with all of the following except:

16.The United States faced the vital question of how to incorporate new territory after its war with _________ from 1846 to 1848.

18.The Pure Food and Drug and Meat Inspection Acts were passed during the presidency of _________.

19.Who wrote Gothic stories and tales as part of the Romantic movement?

20.The Commune of Paris was established to oppose the conservative government of: 

21.See Image 22.4. Uprisings, like the one in Berlin below, broke out throughout Europe in _____.