Which of the following plant cell structures is most likely to contain chlorophyll a?
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Ribosome
The diagram represents a rough endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following best describes the function of the structures labeled X?
They contain enzymes that digest unnecessary or damaged cell parts.
They are where template DNA is transcribed to mRNA.
They package proteins for export out of the cell.
They translate mRNA into amino acid sequences.
IIndividuals with Leigh syndrome have mitochondria that cannot meet the energy demand.Which of the following is the outcome on affected mitochondria?
The mitochondria cannot process and package proteins for further transport.
The mitochondria cannot transcribe DNA in preparation for protein synthesis.
The mitochondria cannot produce enough glucose molecules for the cell.
The mitochondria cannot produce sufficient ATP to power normal cellular processes.
Which of the following best describes a difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?
The smooth ER is a site of protein synthesis, but the rough ER is not.
The smooth ER is part of the endomembrane system, but the rough ER is not.
The rough ER processes toxins, but the smooth ER does not.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, but the smooth ER does not.
Which of the following best describes how vacuoles differ between plant cells and animal cells?
Vacuoles in animal cells provide turgor pressure to help the cell maintain its shape.
Vacuoles in plant cells are small and used to transport nutrients throughout the cell.
Plant cells typically have a single vacuole while animal cells have multiple vacuoles.
Animal cells use vacuoles for nutrient storage while plant cells do not.
A lack of water can cause plant cells become flaccid. Which of the following is responsible for plant’s wilted appearance?
Nucleus
Central vacuole
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Which of the following is true about the amino acids that make up a transmembrane protein?
Amino acids with charged side groups are in contact with the fatty acid region of the cell membrane.
Amino acids with nonpolar side groups are in contact with the fatty acid region of the cell membrane.
Amino acids with nonpolar side groups are in contact with the phosphate region of the cell membrane.
Amino acids with polar side groups are in contact with the fatty acid region of the cell membrane.
Which of the following describes how regions of phospholipids are arranged in the cell membrane?
Hydrophobic fatty acid regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane.
Hydrophilic phosphate regions are positioned toward nonpolar environments.
Hydrophilic phosphate regions face each other within the interior of the cell membrane.
Hydrophobic fatty acid regions are positioned toward polar environments.